Effect of gravitational cracking on energy exchange in relativistic fluids: a first approach

Abstract This work explores the impact of gravitational cracking on energy exchange within a self-gravitating sphere. For such a purpose, we use the isotropic extension of Einstein’s universe solution, modified through gravitational decoupling using extended minimal geometric deformation, which previously exhibited notable energy exchange behavior between its fluid components. This study bridges two critical concepts in the analysis of static self-gravitating spheres within the framework of General Relativity, traditionally examined independently. Our findings indicate that the onset of fractures markedly influences the energy exchange that sustains the sphere. Compared to a system in hydrostatic equilibrium, gravitational cracking significantly accelerates this exchange, occurring inwardly in the inner regions and outwardly in the outer regions of the disturbed system. Notably, the energy exchange intensifies in the outer regions, becoming more pronounced as the relativistic fluids gain energy density.