Framework for Optimizing the Construction Process: The Integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies

This paper presents a novel framework for integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM), Lean Construction tools, and Emerging Technologies to optimize construction project management. The framework categorizes these elements across four phases: Plan, Design, Construction, and Operation in construction projects. Each phase identifies specific intersections and synergies among the three domains to enhance functionality, collaboration, and value delivery. Integration is built upon core principles such as functionality alignment, process efficiency, and lifecycle optimization. This study also highlights Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to evaluate the framework’s effectiveness in real-world applications and addresses limitations to guide future research. The framework was developed and validated using the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM). The proposed approach offers a transformative pathway for addressing inefficiencies, reducing waste, and maximizing project outcomes in modern construction.