2022 Census and religion in Brazil

Abstract This article proposes an initial analysis of the religious affiliation data from the 2022 Brazilian Census, released by the IBGE in June 2025. The main objective is twofold: firstly, to present an “on-the-spot” analysis that contextualizes the newly released figures in relation to historical series and consolidated interpretations of previous censuses. Secondly, the text aims to highlight what emerges, in light of these data, as a fundamental part of the research agenda for the next decade in the Brazilian religious field, suggesting new questions and approaches for future studies. The analysis will follow the major religious groups as presented by the IBGE itself: Catholics; Evangelicals; non-religious; Afro and Umbanda religions; Spiritism.