Exploring the Causes of the Cambrian Explosion Based on the Evolution Mechanism of Genome Sequences

The cause of the Cambrian explosion is one of the centuries-old puzzles. For centuries, scholars from numerous disciplines have proposed various theories based on evidence such as paleontological fossils and changes in geology and climate to try to reveal the cause of the Cambrian explosion, but no satisfactory conclusion has been reached. We explored a possible cause of the Cambrian explosion based on the evolution mechanism of genome sequences of existing species. Previous studies have found that the CG- and TA-independent selection intensities and the mutual inhibition relationship between them determine the evolution state of genome sequences. Based on the evolution mechanism of genome sequences, we analyzed the distribution of CG- and TA-independent selection intensities in animals and plants. We believed that the phase transition process from the evolution mode dominated by TA-independent selection to that dominated by CG-independent selection is an important cause of the Cambrian explosion. Consequently, we deduced the evolution time corresponding to the evolution state of genome sequences and gave the origin time of species branches. The results are largely consistent with existing paleontological evidence for animal branches and some plant branches, which verifies the rationality of our conjecture, though differences for certain plant groups require further investigation. Our study provides a novel way to reveal the cause of the Cambrian explosion and the origin time of species branches through existing genome sequences.