Ups and downs of objects in supersaturated fluid: the dynamics of open gas-solid coupled systems

When a body is submerged in a supersaturated fluid, a layer of bubbles may form on its surface, causing the body to ascend.As these bubbles get cleaned off at the fluid-air interface, the object will sink once more, creating a cyclical "dancing" motion under conditions of sufficient supersaturation.This fascinating phenomenon, observed across various systems, has garnered significant research attention.Previous studies have concentrated on the theory of bubble nucleation and evolution, as well as simulations of object movement within supersaturated fluids.However, there has been limited exploration into the interplay between the thermodynamic process of bubble formation and the dynamic equation governing the object's motion.In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of the oscillatory dynamics and mechanical behavior of an object immersed in a supersaturated fluid with time-varying bubbles on its surface, within a coupled thermodynamic-mechanical framework.We begin by proposing a macroscopic-scale model for nucleation; then, we integrate this nucleation process into the mechanical analysis of spherical objects; finally, we employ a mathematical model to elucidate the reasons and mechanisms behind these cyclical processes.We apply this model to quantitatively validate experimental outcomes under various initial conditions, demonstrating its theoretical, empirical, and statistical significance.This work provides a foundational theoretical basis for further research into the dynamics of gas-solid coupling systems and the complex behavior of particle movement within hydrodynamic environments.