Prevalence and Sociodemographic Effect of Celiac Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Faiha Specializes Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center in Basra

Background: Celiac disease is one of the most prevalent autoimmune illnesses in type 1 diabetes, Celiac disease and type 1 diabetes are immune-mediated diseases with shared risk factors, genetics like Human Leukocyte antigen, environmental variables that have a significant role in the pathophysiology of both diseases since their occurrences are growing globally.Objective: to estimate the prevalence and the sociodemographic characteristics of celiac disease among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with age less than 30 years.Methodology: A descriptive, registry-based Cross-sectional study, carried out on patients with type 1 diabetes, who were registered over 3 years period (from the first of January 2020 till the end of December 2022), in Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, Metabolism Center in Basra. A total of 474 patients were included in the study, their ages ranged from (1-30) years.Result: A total of 474 patients who registered over three years, their mean age was 10.33 ±5.91, majority of them were female (57%). The total prevalence of celiac disease in type one diabetes from January 2020 to the end of 2022 was 19.2%. and the incidence was highest in 2022 (26.3%) and lowest was in 2020 (13.2%). The Type 1 diabetes duration ranged from 1 to 24 years with a mean of 3.14±2.93. In most of the celiac patients, 88.2% were presented with less than five years duration of type 1 diabetes.Conclusion: The prevalence of celiac disease among people with diabetes type 1 increased from 2020 to 2022 by about 6-7% annually. There was no significant difference between age and gender and the risk of getting celiac disease among diabetic type 1 patients in this study.