Phenomenological exploration of pastoral theology praxis among IPI Malang alumni as lay missionaries

Lay missionaries play a crucial role in proclaiming the gospel, particularly within inclusive and community-oriented pastoral contexts. The Indonesian Pastoral Institute (IPI) has produced numerous alumni who serve as lay missionaries in diverse regions, facing theological, cultural, and social challenges. This research employs Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology to explore the essential meaning of lay missionaries' experiences in practicing pastoral theology, particularly in light of Paul Janssen’s theological insights. This research aims to uncover the essential meaning of the missionary experience in the practice of pastoral theology. Additionally, it seeks to understand the personal and spiritual transformations experienced by lay missionaries and their impact on the communities they serve. This research adopts a qualitative approach using Husserlian phenomenology. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with IPI alumni who have undertaken pastoral missions. The analysis follows the phenomenological reduction method, incorporating epoché, noesis-noema analysis, and the constitution of meaning through intersubjectivity. The research reveals that the lay missionary experience is a multidimensional transformation encompassing theological, emotional, and social aspects. The duality of experience, between joy and struggle—is an inherent part of their spiritual journey. The proclamation of the gospel within a pastoral context is not only verbal but also manifests in social and cultural engagements, demonstrating a more inculturated and dialogical approach to pastoral theology. This research recommends that pastoral education institutions such as IPI emphasize an integrative approach in their curriculum. This should include phenomenological reflection training, inculturated evangelization methods, and enhanced social and emotional competencies for future lay missionaries. By adopting these approaches, alumni will be better equipped to navigate the complexities of pastoral missions and serve as effective agents of transformation.