Cariogenic Potential of Lactose-Free Infant Formulas: An In Vitro Analysis of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm and Acidogenicity

LFs, even those without supplemental sucrose, promote <i>S. mutans</i> biofilm formation and acidogenicity, suggesting a potential cariogenic risk. These findings underscore the need for careful dietary recommendations and oral hygiene strategies for infants consuming LF formulas. Further studies involving <i>in vivo</i> and clinical trials are warranted to validate the results and assess the long-term implications for ECC development.