The evolution of artificial intelligence and its transformative role in education

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a set of technologies that simulate human reasoning and decision-making, with applications in almost all spheres of society, including education. Starting from historical foundations, such as the work of Alan Turing and the emergence of the first chatbots, the paper shows how the development of AI, especially generative artificial intelligence (e.g. ChatGPT), has been reflected in the emergence of new tools and services. The impact of AI on education is also explored through the personalization of learning, the automation of evaluation and administrative processes, as well as support for teachers. The paper also points to challenges such as technology addiction, issues of ethics, privacy and automated bias. Special attention is paid to the future of AI in education and the need for an ethical, inclusive and transparent approach to the integration of these technologies. The paper aims to stimulate critical thinking about the role of AI in contemporary education.