Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption: Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Management Strategies

Abstract Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is a common yet undesired side effect of orthodontic treatment, involving the loss of root structure due to osteoclastic activity. Triggered by orthodontic forces, it is influenced by both patient-specific factors (e.g., genetics, root shape, age) and treatment-related variables (e.g., force magnitude, duration, type of movement). Diagnosis typically involves radiographs and CBCT imaging, while biomarkers offer early detection potential. Prevention includes light, controlled forces and regular monitoring. Emerging therapies like low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) may help reduce inflammation and support healing.