Research Progress in the Synthesis of Five-Membered Rings via Intramolecular Olefin-Carbonyl Metathesis Reaction

烯–羰复分解反应是有机合成领域的重要合成方法，历经数十年发展已具有较为完善的催化体系。分子内的烯–羰复分解反应为构建碳环或杂环化合物提供了高效途径，对于药物及天然产物的合成具有良好的研究价值。本文主要介绍了烯–羰复分解反应在合成五元环化合物中的应用，并系统介绍了相关催化剂及其反应机理。根据催化剂类型的不同，本文将其分为Lewis酸和Brønsted酸两大类进行阐述。Olefin-carbonyl metathesis is an important synthetic methodology in organic chemistry, and after decades of development, it has established a well-defined catalytic system. Intramolecular olefin-carbonyl metathesis provides an efficient approach for constructing carbocyclic or heterocyclic compounds, demonstrating significant research value in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and natural products. This article focuses on the application of olefin-carbonyl metathesis in the synthesis of five-membered rings and systematically discusses the relevant catalysts and their reaction mechanisms. Based on the catalyst types, they are categorized into two major classes: Lewis acid-catalyzed and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions.