Research on the Extraction and Biological Activity of Volatile Oil from <i>Aconitum </i><i>pendulum</i> Busch

铁棒锤(Aconitum pendulum Busch)，系毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)乌头属(Aconitum)多年生草本植物，有极高的药用价值，常以块根入药，具有祛风除湿、活血止痛的功效。本研究使用气–质联用(Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, GC/MS)技术，从铁棒锤油状物组分中鉴定出27个化合物，其中脂类化合物数量最多。为进一步探究铁棒锤中挥发油的应用范围，对其进行了抑菌活性测定，实验结果表明该物质以计量依赖的方式对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌有一定的抑制效果，而对金黄色葡萄球菌无明显的抑制作用。Aconitum pendulum Busch, a perennial herb of the genus Aconitum in the family Ranunculaceae, has high medicinal value. Its tuberous roots are commonly used in traditional medicine for their effects in dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation, and relieving pain. In this study, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify 27 compounds from Aconitum pendulum Busch. To further explore the application scope of the volatile oil from Aconitum pendulum, its antibacterial activity was determined. The experimental results showed that this substance exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, while having no significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus.