Research Progress in the Sorption of Antibiotics by Nano-Ferrihydrite

水铁矿是广泛分布于地球各个圈层的纳米矿物，具有颗粒尺寸小和比表面积大的特点，因而具有更高的吸附容量和表面活性。近年来，关于水铁矿对环境中常见抗生素的吸附行为及其作用机制的研究不断深入。本文系统综述了影响水铁矿吸附抗生素的主要环境因素，包括pH、离子强度和共存有机质，分析了水铁矿吸附抗生素的主要机制，如静电作用、表面络合作用等。同时，对未来研究方向进行简要探讨。本综述有助于加深对纳米水铁矿–抗生素相互作用的认识，为抗生素污染的治理提供理论支撑。Ferrihydrite, a nanoscale iron (oxyhydr)oxide mineral, is ubiquitously distributed across various Earth systems. Owing to its ultrafine particle size and high specific surface area, ferrihydrite exhibits remarkable surface reactivity and sorption capacity. In recent years, significant attention has been directed toward elucidating its adsorption behavior and underlying mechanisms with respect to environmentally relevant antibiotics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key environmental factors governing antibiotic adsorption by ferrihydrite, including pH, ionic strength, and the presence of coexisting natural organic matter. In addition, the principal sorption mechanisms—such as electrostatic interactions and surface complexation—are critically examined. Future research directions are briefly outlined to highlight remaining challenges and opportunities. This work aims to advance the understanding of nano-ferrihydrite-antibiotic interactions and to support the development of effective strategies for antibiotic pollution control.