Urban Tyres Burning: Sites Mapping and Analysis of Environmental and Health Risks in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

Burning of used tyres is a growing activity in urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire. However, this activity is a source of soil pollution. In this context, this study aims to map the sites where used tyres are burned in the city of Abidjan, to describe this practice and to analyse the associated health and environmental risks. Field observations and interviews were conducted with the local population, garage owners and vulcanisers. In addition, the geographical coordinates of the identified tyres burning sites were recorded using GPS. A total of 50 tyres burning sites were identified in Abidjan, including 12 in Yopougon, 10 in Abobo, 05 in Marcory, 06 in Koumassi, 05 in Port-Bouët, 06 in Attécoubé and 06 in Adjamé. Most of the waste tyres burning sites are located close to economic activities, residential areas and rainwater drainage networks, exposing the surrounding population to risks. Tyres burning is carried out exclusively by men. Most of them are aged between 20 and 40 (59%) and most of them have no formal education (77.15%). This activity produces toxic fumes and ash which contain contaminant, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This study suggests the importance of regulating informal tyres burning due to its proven risks to public health and the environment. The results of this research should guide public policy promoting environmentally sound alternatives for used tyres management, such as recycling and recovery.