Research on Solid-State Preparation Methods of Spinel LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Cathode Materials with High Power

高功率尖晶石型LiMn₂O₄正极材料具有锰资源丰富、原料成本低、生产技术成熟、电压平台高、无毒等优点。作为生产合成LiMn₂O₄正极材料最常用的方法，固相法具有显著的生产成本优势，不仅生产设备价格便宜，而且不涉及复杂的专业化操作，使得固相合成工业化生产成本相对较低，有助于实现高功率尖晶石型LiMn₂O₄正极材料的规模化制备。在本文中，阐述了固相法制备高功率尖晶石型LiMn2O4正极材料的基本原理，并对相关的多种固相反应合成策略进行了分析，包括高温固相法、高能球磨法、微波辅助固相法等。此外，本文详细综述了基于不同锰源制备高功率尖晶石型LiMn2O4正极材料的研究现状。最后，对开发低成本、高性能的高功率尖晶石型LiMn2O4正极材料固相合成工艺进行了展望。Spinel LiMn₂O₄ with three-dimensional diffusion channels of lithium ions has several advantages such as high voltage platform, abundant manganese resource, and environmental friendliness, making it the ideal cathode materials for high-power lithium-ion batteries. Solid-state methods are very important for preparing LiMn₂O₄ cathode materials due the simple sintering equipment operations and relatively low industrial production costs, which may achieve the large-scale production. In this work, the basic principle of solid-state preparation of spinel LiMn₂O₄ cathode materials was elucidated, and various solid-state synthesis strategies for spinel LiMn₂O₄ cathode materials were analyzed, including high-temperature solid-state method, high-energy ball milling method, microwave-assisted solid-state method, etc. Moreover, a detailed review was conducted on the research progress of spinel LiMn₂O₄ cathode materials prepared by using different manganese sources. In addition, the prospect of solid-state synthesis methods for developing the low-cost and high-performance LiMn₂O₄ cathode materials was discussed.