Research on the Application of Carbon Black Nanomaterials in Electrochemical Sensing Detection and Analysis

炭黑纳米材料作为一种零维纳米结构碳材料，其基本结构由多层级石墨微晶有序堆积构成。该材料因其大比表面积和介孔结构具有良好的吸附性能，而且其形成的高导电碳网络结构具有优异的导电性能，能够显著增强电化学反应过程中的电荷输运能力。在本工作中，阐述了炭黑纳米材料增强电化学传感检测性能的基本原理，并详细介绍了多种类型的炭黑纳米材料(VXC-72R，Super P Li，科琴黑、乙炔黑等)及其电化学传感检测分析应用研究现状。此外，将炭黑纳米材料与其他功能材料(碳纳米管、石墨烯、纳米黏土、MOFs等)进行复合，可以充分发挥各组分的协同增效作用，实现电化学传感检测性能的显著提升。本文综述了炭黑纳米材料基复合材料在电化学传感检测分析中的应用研究现状。最后，对开发低成本、高灵敏的炭黑纳米材料基复合物传感器进行了展望。Carbon black nanomaterials have the basic structure composed of multiple layers of ordered graphite microcrystals. These materials have good adsorption performance due to its large specific surface area and mesoporous structure, and the highly conductive carbon network structure has excellent conductivity, which can significantly enhance the charge transport ability of electrochemical reactions. In this work, the basic principle of enhancing the electrochemical sensing detection performance of carbon black nanomaterials was elucidated, and various types of carbon black nanomaterials (VXC-72R, Super P Li, Keqin black, acetylene black) and their research progress in electrochemical sensing detection applications were introduced in detail. In addition, the composites of carbon black nanomaterials with other functional materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanoclay, MOFs, etc.) can fully leverage the synergistic effect of each component and achieve significant improvement in electrochemical sensing detection performance. This article reviews the current research progress of the applications of carbon black nanomaterials-based nanocomposite materials in electrochemical sensing detection and analysis. Finally, the prospect was made for the development of low-cost and highly sensitive carbon black nanomaterials-based nanocomposite sensors.