Stability analysis of semi-submersible floating wind turbines based on gyro-turbine coupled dynamics model

The significant motion response of semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbines in marine environments poses challenges for platform stability control and power generation efficiency. Traditional stabilization methods demonstrate limitations in response speed and control effectiveness under complex sea conditions. This paper develops a comprehensive 12-degree-of-freedom coupled dynamics model that integrates platform motion, tower flexibility, rotor dynamics, and gyroscopic stabilization systems. By incorporating the gyro-stabilization system, the stability control of the platform’s pitch and roll motions is significantly improved. The model employs the Kane method, which comprehensively considers the coupling effects between the wind turbine, platform, and gyro, providing a higher precision dynamic response simulation. Based on this model, an innovative PSO-optimized fuzzy control strategy is proposed, utilizing intelligent particle swarm optimization algorithms to adjust controller parameters for optimal performance under various environmental conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed active control strategy offers significant advantages, achieving up to 37.56% pitch angle RMS vibration suppression and 44.23% tower-top displacement RMS vibration suppression under still water conditions, with peak suppression rates of 21.45% and 27.77% respectively under normal sea conditions, while maintaining 39.04% and 24.58% peak suppression rates in extreme sea conditions. In random sea conditions, the peak suppression rates remain at 38.16% and 17.83% respectively. This study significantly improves platform stability and structural load characteristics through the modeling of the gyro-stabilization system and the use of PSO-optimized fuzzy control, providing a reliable technical solution for floating wind turbine applications in complex marine environments.