Perspective of Institutional Framework on Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Local Knowledge Integration by Small-Scale Fisheries in Liberia

Small-scale fishing communities, including those in Liberia, face increasing threats from climate change. The FAO reports that these fisheries support over 120 million people globally, with 90% in developing nations like Liberia. Effective adaptation techniques depend on robust institutional frameworks at all levels. This paper evaluates climate change adaptation strategies in Liberia’s small-scale fisheries using institutional capacities theory. Data was gathered from 384 fishers and 12 key stakeholders via questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. It found that most fishers are young men with low education levels, and many are single. There are significant links between gender, age, and education. Findings indicate that 62% of respondents believe local knowledge is insufficiently incorporated into adaptation policies, while 53% feel that existing laws have not been adapted to support climate resilience in fisheries. Furthermore, 66% perceive weak institutional coordination for climate adaptation, and 70% consider the current policies inadequate for supporting adaptation efforts. Statistical analysis (Chi-Square, p < 0.05) confirms these perceptions as significant, indicating widespread dissatisfaction with institutional responses to climate impacts. The study highlights the need for better integration of local ecological knowledge, updated laws, and stronger institutional coordination to support climate adaptation in Liberia’s small-scale fishing sector. Respondents are dissatisfied with current policies and institutional responses, pointing to significant gaps that need to be addressed through targeted, community-informed strategies and improved institutional support.