Analysis of the Epidemiological Characteristics of AIDS in Xiling District, Yichang City from 2014 to 2023

目的：分析宜昌市西陵区艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)的流行特征，为针对性地制定防治措施提供依据。方法：采用描述性流行病学方法对西陵区2014~2023年HIV/AIDS病例个案资料进行分析。结果：西陵区2014-2023年累计报告HIV/AIDS 235例，其中HIV 141例、AIDS 94例、死亡15例、病死率6.38%。7个街道均有病例，最多的为西陵街道。男女之比为9.68:1，年龄以15~39岁为主(53.62%，126例)，感染途径以同性传播为主(70.21%，165例)。病例来源主要以医疗机构检测为主(54.47%，128例)，文化程度以大专及以上为主(51.49%，121例)。结论：2014~2023年西陵区艾滋病防治工作取得一定成效，处于低流行水平，但形势依然严峻，应加强政府主导，各相关部门配合、全民参与的防控机制，确保国家政策落实，加强重点人群的艾滋病宣传教育和干预，继续加大检测力度，扩大检测范围，有效控制艾滋病疫情的扩散和蔓延。Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases in Xiling District, Yichang City, and provide a basis for formulating targeted prevention and control measures. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the individual case data of HIV/AIDS cases in Xiling District from 2014 to 2023. Results: A total of 235 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in Xiling District from 2014 to 2023, including 141 cases of HIV and 94 cases of AIDS, with 15 deaths and a case fatality rate of 6.38%. Cases were reported in all seven streets, with the most in Xiling Street. The male-to-female ratio was 9.68:1, and the age group of 15~39 years old accounted for the majority (53.62%, 126 cases). The main route of infection was homosexual transmission (70.21%, 165 cases). The majority of cases were detected through medical institutions (54.47%, 128 cases), and the majority had a college degree or above (51.49%, 121 cases). Conclusion: The prevention and control of AIDS in Xiling District from 2014 to 2023 have achieved certain results and are at a low prevalence level. However, the situation remains severe. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control mechanism led by the government, with the cooperation of all relevant departments and the participation of the entire population, to ensure the implementation of national policies, enhance AIDS education and intervention for key populations, continue to increase testing efforts, expand testing coverage, and effectively control the spread and prevalence of AIDS.