Construction of a Vulnerability Framework for College Students’ Physical and Mental Health and Analysis of Differences—Based on Micro-Survey Data from Zhejiang Province

近年来，“脆皮大学生”、“大学生脆脆鲨”等反映大学生身心健康问题的网络热词频现，新时代背景下大学生身心健康状况该如何有效衡量？如何进一步提高大学生身心健康状况？基于上述问题，本研究构建大学生身心健康脆弱性评价体系，以浙江省大学生为调查对象，通过问卷调查收集数据，采用TOPSIS法进行综合评价，并运用t检验和方差分析法比较不同人口统计学特征的大学生身心健康脆弱性差异。结果表明：(1) 社会方面对大学生身心健康状况影响较高，在社会和心理方面，大学生具有较高的脆弱性。(2) 不同性别、年级、学校、月支出、专业的大学生，身心健康脆弱性均无显著差异。基于上述分析，本研究建议构建校社健康体系，引导学生主动参与管理的策略。In recent years, internet buzzwords such as “Crispy College Students” and “College Student Crispy Sharks”, which metaphorically reflect the physical and mental health challenges faced by college students, have gained widespread attention. Against the backdrop of the new era, how can we effectively assess and further improve college students’ physical and mental health? To address these questions, this study constructed a vulnerability evaluation system for college students’ physical and mental health. Data were collected through questionnaires targeting college students in Zhejiang Province, China, analyzed using the TOPSIS method for comprehensive evaluation, and further examined through t-tests and ANOVA to compare vulnerability differences across demographic characteristics. The results revealed that: (1) Social factors exerted the highest impact on college students’ physical and mental health, with significant vulnerability observed in both social and psychological dimensions. (2) No statistically significant differences in vulnerability were found among students of different genders, academic years, institutions, monthly expenditures, or majors. Based on these findings, the study proposes strategies to establish a campus-community health framework and encourage students’ proactive engagement in self-management practices.