Study on the Correlation among Gallstones Disease and Dietary Habits, Lifestyle and Water Quality in Xiangxi Region—Based on Structural Equation Model

目的：基于结构方程模型，分析湘西地区胆结石患病与饮食习惯、生活方式和水质的相关性。方法：选取500例至湘西自治州人民医院参加体检人群作为研究对象，以影像学检查为诊断标准。分析饮食习惯、生活方式和水质的相关性。结果：患者长期高脂高胆固醇饮食、吃饭速度快、喜爱甜食或过量摄取含糖量高的食物、长期食用刺激性较强的辛辣食物、经常吃豆制品、很少吃维生素片和钙片、长期食用精制食品人数、长期不吃早餐，进食不规律、经常性酗酒、长期口服避孕药、饮食、饮水不卫生、经常在饥饿后暴饮暴食、经常食用动物油、不爱好运动、经常性熬夜、水中钙、镁离子含量较高，水硬度较大的地区人数均会引发患者患病。结论：饮食习惯、生活方式和水质均是影响胆结石患病率的因素。Objective: Based on the structural equation model, to analyze the correlations between the prevalence of gallstones and dietary habits, lifestyle and water quality in the Xiangxi region. Methods: Five hundred people who participated in physical examinations at the People’s Hospital of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture were selected as the research subjects, and imaging examinations were used as the diagnostic criteria. Analyze the correlations among dietary habits, lifestyles and water quality. Results: The patient has a long-term high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, eats quickly, has a fondness for sweet foods or excessive intake of foods with high sugar content, has a long-term consumption of strongly stimulating spicy foods, often eats soy products, rarely takes vitamin tablets and calcium tablets, has a long-term consumption of refined foods, and has a long-term absence of breakfast. Irregular eating habits, frequent heavy drinking, long-term oral contraceptives, unhygienic diet and drinking water, overeating after hunger, frequent consumption of animal oil, lack of interest in exercise, frequent staying up late, and areas with high calcium and magnesium ion content in water and high water hardness can all cause patients to fall ill. Conclusion: Dietary habits, lifestyle and water quality are all factors influencing the prevalence of gallstones.