Mapping women’s relational networks in Carolingian Septimania, 795–850

Using the Digital Humanities methods of network analysis and visualization to study the social networks of migrants and locals in the charters of Carolingian Septimania, this article argues that within these documents women played a central role in the relational social actions of kinship, patronage, and legal ties. The diffuse, horizontal social networks visually demonstrate how migration to the Marca Hispanica from both Hispania and Francia allowed many people, including women, to take advantage of a socio‐economic system in flux.