Research Progress on the Influence Factors of the Quorum Sensing System Regulating the Growth of Wastewater Treatment Biofilm

Biofilms represent a prevalent and highly adaptable microbial lifestyle across diverse environments. With increasing understanding of quorum sensing (QS), its crucial role in regulating biofilm development in wastewater treatment systems has gained widespread recognition. This review systematically summarizes the role of QS in biofilm formation, encompassing the stages of initial attachment, irreversible adhesion, maturation, and dispersal. Additionally, the impacts of conventional environmental factors and specific stressors on QS-mediated biofilm regulation are discussed. Finally, the review highlights the positive regulatory effects of QS on biofilm performance. This review aims to offer practical insights into enhancing biofilm stability and optimizing wastewater treatment efficiency through QS-based regulatory strategies.