The Ethical Dilemma and Solution of Social Work Relationships in a Human Society

社会工作是西方现代工业社会的产物，由于西方与本土文化语境的不同，我国社会工作发展仍然面临着“水土不服”的难题。本土社会工作的专业关系难以完全抽离人情关系而独立存在，这种具有乡土色彩的社会关系常常使社会工作实践面临道德难题，进而引发伦理困境。因此，文章聚焦此种伦理困境，立足于中国的人情文化，通过对人情社会内生原因的剖析，分析人情文化对中国人际交往模式的影响，将人情社会下的社会工作专业关系与西方普适性的专业伦理要求进行比较，发现两者之间的差异，从而总结出当前本土社会工作所遭遇到的伦理困境，并据此提出解决路径。Social work emerged as a product of modern industrial societies in the West. Due to the differing cultural contexts between the West and China, the development of social work in China still faces challenges of “cultural incompatibility.” The professional relationships in indigenous social work are difficult to completely separate from the influence of human relationships and exist independently. This type of social relationship, imbued with local characteristics, often presents moral dilemmas for social work practice, leading to ethical predicaments. Therefore, this paper focuses on these ethical dilemmas, rooted in Chinese relational culture. Through an analysis of the intrinsic causes of relational society, it examines the impact of relational culture on Chinese interpersonal communication patterns. It compares the professional relationships in social work within a relational society with the universal professional ethical requirements of the West, identifying the differences between the two. Consequently, it summarizes the ethical dilemmas currently encountered by indigenous social work and proposes solutions.