Clinical Literature Research on the Correlation between Constitution and Disease in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Theory

目的：本研究以中医经典体质理论为研究对象，阐释多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)体病相关，开展针对PCOS体病相关临床研究文献的系统评价和meta分析，总结PCOS与体质关联性的研究证据，以期获得基于大样本的PCOS人群中医体质类型分布的数据，进一步明确与PCOS密切相关的高危体质类型，为从中医体质角度防治PCOS提供循证医学证据，突出从中医体质角度防治PCOS的特色优势。方法：检索的数据库包括中国知网、万方数据、维普、PubMed和Embase数据库。采用Reviewer Manager 5.3进行meta分析，并分别以率和比值比及其95%可信区间表达效应值。结果：最终纳入28项研究，7240例患者进行分析。结果显示，PCOS患者痰湿体质比例显著高于健康人群(OR = 2.57, 95%CI: 1.89~3.51, P Objective: This study focuses on the classical constitution theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to explore the correlation between body constitution and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical research literature on the constitution-disease relationship in PCOS, summarizing the evidence on the association between PCOS and TCM constitutions. The aim is to obtain large-scale data on the distribution of TCM constitution types in the PCOS population, further identify high-risk constitution types closely related to PCOS, and provide evidence-based medical support for the prevention and treatment of PCOS from the perspective of TCM constitution. This highlights the unique advantages of addressing PCOS through the lens of TCM constitution theory. Methods: The searched databases included CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, and Embase. Meta-analysis was performed using Reviewer Manager 5.3, with effect sizes expressed as rates, odds ratios, and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 28 studies involving 7240 patients were included in the final analysis. The results showed that the proportion of phlegm-dampness constitution in PCOS patients was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals (OR = 2.57, 95%CI: 1.89~3.51, P < 0.0001). Conversely, the proportion of balanced constitution was significantly lower in PCOS patients compared to healthy controls (OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.07~0.42, P = 0.0002). Additionally, the proportion of qi-deficiency constitution was lower in PCOS patients, though this difference was not statistically significant (OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.57~1.18, P = 0.52). Conclusion: PCOS patients are more likely to exhibit biased constitutions, with the most common types being phlegm-dampness constitution, yang-deficiency constitution, and qi-stagnation constitution. Additionally, compared to the general population, individuals with phlegm-dampness constitution, qi-stagnation constitution, dampness-heat constitution, or blood-stasis constitutions have a higher risk of developing PCOS.