THE SCIENCE OF THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL DOCTRINES AS THE FOUNDATION OF JURISPRUDENCE

The article reveals the content and significance of the history of political and legal doctrines as a science of fundamental jurisprudence. For the history of political and legal doctrines, the concept of "doctrine" is of decisive importance, which presupposes the presence of a certain structure: logical and theoretical (methodological) basis, content and program. The triad of these parts of the doctrine is interconnected, which allows each creation in the field of political and legal ideology to be assessed from the point of view of logic, factual validity, reliability of conclusions, and also taking into account the value component of the doctrine. The history of political and legal doctrines is a historical science. The study of political and legal concepts occurs against the background of immersion in the historical events of the era - to assess the content of the doctrine, it is important to understand the social and political conditions of its formation, as well as the external circumstances affecting its subsequent transformation. The history of political and legal doctrines is not only a historical science, but also a systematic one. Studying the features of the legal consciousness of the era, it forms systemic approaches to solving socio-political problems. This science is not a cumulative process of accumulation and transmission of knowledge. Despite the abundance of factual material in the history of political and legal doctrines, there is no summation of ideas. Analyzing the doctrine, it cannot be said that a later theoretical thought is obviously more significant, more significant, more progressive than the previous one. The science of the history of political and legal doctrines creates models of theoretical knowledge of the state and law - all political and legal doctrines are of interest as options for alternative legal thinking, the validity and relevance of which is confirmed by the degree of demand at a particular historical stage of development of society, law, and state. Understanding the essence of political and legal reality and knowing the mechanisms for solving similar problems in previous eras, one can not only evaluate specific historical doctrines, but also create paradigms for changing the existing political and legal system.