Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Unstable Angina Pectoris

不稳定性心绞痛(UA)是急性冠脉综合征的重要类型，其病理基础为冠状动脉易损斑块破裂及血栓形成，具有进展为心肌梗死的高风险。近年研究表明，中医药通过多靶点干预机制在UA治疗中展现出独特优势，尤其在改善内皮功能、抑制炎症反应及稳定斑块方面作用显著。中医理论认为UA属“胸痹”、“心痛”范畴，病机以本虚标实为主，本虚多为气虚、阳虚或气阴两虚，标实则涉及血瘀、痰浊、寒凝等病理因素。气虚血瘀证为临床常见证型，治疗以益气活血为核心，辅以化痰、温阳等法。中医药对不稳定性心绞痛的治疗已取得一定研究进展，本文将对其进行一一阐述。Unstable angina (UA) is an important type of acute coronary syndrome, with pathological basis of vulnerable plaque rupture and thrombosis in the coronary arteries, and a high risk of progressing to myocardial infarction. Recent studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine has demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of UA through multi-target intervention mechanisms, particularly in improving endothelial function, inhibiting inflammatory reactions, and stabilizing plaques. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, UA belongs to the category of “chest obstruction” and “heartache”, and the pathogenesis is mainly based on the deficiency of the root and the excess of the target. The deficiency of the root is mostly due to qi deficiency, yang deficiency, or both qi and yin deficiency, while the excess of the target involves pathological factors such as blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, and cold coagulation. Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome is a common clinical type, and the treatment focuses on nourishing qi and promoting blood circulation, supplemented by methods such as resolving phlegm and warming yang. Traditional Chinese medicine has made certain research progress in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris, and this article will elaborate on it one by one.