Variations in hematological indices in patients with thyroid dysfunctions

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the variations in hematological indices in patients with thyroid dysfunction. Material and method: The current cross-sectional analytical study was carried out at Tertiary Care Hospital Nishtar-II/ Nisthar Medical University, Multan Pakistan Multan from January 2024 to June 2024. A total of 143 cases were included in this study of which 61 had hypothyroidism, 21 had hyperthyroidism and 61 individuals were Euthyroid. From each individual two blood samples were collected. To estimate T3, T4 and TSH, serum samples were processed using chemiluminescence technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Quantitative variable like age was calculated using mean (SD). Qualitative variables like gender were measured using frequencies and percentage. Results: A total of 143 individuals with thyroid dysfunction were enrolled to evaluate the hematological indices. In hypothyroid individuals, there was a significant decrease in mean RBC count, hemoglobin percentages, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) compared to the euthyroid group. MCV, MCH, and MCHC showed no significant difference in the hyperthyroid group. There was not a significant variance in total leukocyte and platelet counts across the 3 groups of subjects. Conclusion: Our study concluded that in both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid individuals, there is a major decrease in mean red blood cell count, HB percentages, Red Cell Distribution Width and hematocrit. Thorough hematological examination is necessary for all individuals experiencing thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Variations; Hematological indices; Thyroid dysfunctions