Marine Functional Zoning in Hoat Sorbay Bay, Southeast Mollucas Regency

Hoat Sorbay Bay, located in Southeast Maluku Regency, is a complex coastal area with significant yet underutilized potential for seaweed farming, mud crab aquaculture, and mangrove-based ecotourism. This study aimed to develop a Marine Functional Zoning (MFZ) model that integrates ecological suitability with stakeholder participation. Using spatial analysis (GIS), suitability assessments were conducted for seaweed cultivation, mud crab farming, and mangrove ecotourism, while MARXAN was employed to identify conservation priority areas. The results delineate seven functional zones: mud crab fishing (530.90 ha), mangrove protection (135.65 ha), ecofishery tourism (120.12 ha), mangrove rehabilitation (60.62 ha), general fishing (331.84 ha), marine transportation (211.46 ha), and seaweed aquaculture (129.10 ha). A total of 266.19 ha is recommended for conservation and ecofishery tourism development. The zoning plan seeks to balance ecological sustainability with local socio-economic needs, particularly those of the Ohoi Evu community, which relies on traditional crab fisheries. By optimizing the use of marine space, the proposed MFZ model supports integrated coastal zone management and promotes ecosystem-based governance. This research aligns with Indonesia’s commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 14 (Life Below Water) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth).