Posterior Only Surgical Correction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Background: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is defined as an abnormal spinal curvature of more than ten degrees, noticed in adolescence, with an unexplained cause. Objectives: To evaluate the results of posterior-only surgical intervention for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Patients and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was a research study conducted on thirty children with idiopathic scoliosis admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Neurosurgery department in Qena University Hospital, South Valley University, Egypt, and the Students’ hospital in Alexandria, Egypt in the duration from January 2022-December 2023. Results: The postoperative Cobb angle of the main thoracic and thoracolumbar curves was significantly less than preoperative curves (P value less than 0.001). Thoracic kyphosis (T4-T12) was significantly less after surgery than before (P value less than 0.001). Lumbar lordosis (L1-L5) was significantly less after than before surgery (P value less than 0.001). Conclusion: The study supports the posterior-only surgical technique as a reliable, safe, and effective treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, providing substantial deformity correction and improving long-term spinal function and quality of life. These findings are consistent with a growing body of literature advocating for posterior-only correction in severe AIS cases, reinforcing its benefits in terms of safety, deformity correction, and functional outcomes.