Flash Flood Risks in Egypt A Comprehensive of Challenges and Solutions

This review paper examines the challenges and strategies associated with managing flash floods in Egypt, a growing concern exacerbated by climate change, rapid urbanization, and insufficient infrastructure. Flash floods have far-reaching impacts on lives, livelihoods, infrastructure, and ecosystems, with vulnerable groups, including the urban poor, rural communities, and coastal residents, disproportionately affected. Through the analysis of case studies, this paper highlights a spectrum of approaches to flood management, including structural measures, community engagement, ecosystem-based solutions, and international collaborations.The review identifies key challenges such as resource constraints, institutional capacity gaps, and competing development priorities, which complicate effective flood risk management. It underscores the need for comprehensive, sustainable strategies that address the root causes of vulnerability, enhance resilience, and foster equitable development. The findings advocate for an integrated approach combining structural and non-structural measures, community participation, ecosystem conservation, and international cooperation. This paper aims to provide valuable insights to support policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in addressing the urgent need for sustainable flood risk management in Egypt