Adaptation of the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale among the Deaf Students in Sultanate Oman

This study aimed to adapt the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale for use with students from Al-Amal Schools for Deaf students in Sultanate Oman, employing a descriptive-analytical design. The sample consisted of a diverse group of deaf students in Muscat, with varied demographic characteristics, including gender, residential environment, and age. The Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale, which measures anxiety related to environmental crises across four dimensions (emotional symptoms, rumination, behavioral symptoms, and concerns about personal impact), was translated into Arabic and modified from a four-point to a five-point Likert scale for better applicability. EFA revealed a two-factor structure with an excellent fit (KMO = 0.93), explaining 59% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested three competing models of the scale’s structure: a general factor model, a two-factor model, and a four-factor model. The results showed that the four-factor model provided the best fit, confirming that eco-anxiety is a multifaceted construct, including emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and personal responsibility subscales. This study highlights the robustness of the four-factor model in capturing the nuances of eco-anxiety in the Omani context, providing a reliable tool for future research on eco-anxiety in similar populations.