Effect Of Gold Nanoparticles on Oxidative Stress Induced In Parotid Salivary Glands Of Rats by Iron Overdose (Histological, Immunochemical, and Transmission Electron Microscope Study)

Introduction: One of the most studied nanomaterials is gold nanoparticles, which have a lot of potential for use in biology, chemistry, and medicine. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of AuNPs on oxidative stress induced in rats’ parotid salivary glands by induced iron overdose. Materials and methods: Twenty-four male albino rats (180-200 gm in weight) were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: Group 1 (control group) received 1 ml distilled water intraperitoneally (IP), Group 2 (Iron group) rats were injected Intraperitoneally with 500mg/kg of iron and Group 3 (Iron + AuNPs group) rats were treated intraperitoneally with 20 to 50 nm AuNPs (5mg/kg/daily) in addition to 500mg/kg of iron. After 4 weeks the animals were euthanized; the parotid glands were dissected out and the effect of iron and AuNPs was evaluated using light, transmission electron microscope, histomorphometry and immunohistochemical blood analysis. Results: Regarding the iron group, there were notable changes in the parotid glands’ histological appearance. The serous acini showed disruption in their outline and showed empty vacuoles inside it. As for the percentage of surface acini, there was significance difference between groups. Interpretation of Parotid Salivary glands in Group III (Iron+ AuNP Group) showed restoration of the integrity of serous acini with reduced vacuolization. The TEM examination observed severe changes in groups II and III regarding their organelles and vacuoles number.Conclusion: Intraperitoneal injection of AuNPs has been shown to lead to therapeutic effect of the parotid salivary glands. Keywords: Iron Overdose, Oxidative stress, Gold Nanoparticles, Toxicity, Parotid Salivary.