Value issues in national projects of the Russian Federation

The article explores the theoretical foundations of the concept of “values” in philosophy and sociology, as well as their reflection in contemporary value-oriented policy, using as examples the national projects “Family” and “Youth and Children” and the Strategy for Family and Demographic Policy until 2036. Within the theoretical framework of the paper, the notion of “value” is examined from philosophical and sociological perspectives, based on the works of I.Kant, H.Rickert, É.Durkheim, M.Weber, T.Parsons, V.P.Tugarinov, V.A.Yadov, and N.P.Lapin. The reviewed theoretical approaches have been systematized according to their interpretative characteristics and grouped into three categories distinguished by their focus: normative, ideal, and practical. This classification served as a basis for a comparative analysis between the author's understanding of values and the existing interpretation of this category within Russian legislation. An analysis of the national projects and the Strategy revealed that they include specific mechanisms for transmitting values through upbringing, education, and cultural context, contributing to the reinforcement of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values outlined in Presidential Decree No. 809 of November 9, 2022. However, to increase their effectiveness, broader audience engagement and systematic alignment with already established societal value orientations are required, as current project implementations insufficiently account for these attitudes. The analysis presented allows for the formulation of practical recommendations aimed at improving value-oriented measures in state policy and may be useful for demographers, legal scholars, and philosophers working within the axiological tradition.