Abattoirs of Cairo and Rashid during the reign of the Alawiyya Dynasty: Comparative Archaeological and Documentary Study

The study deals with a type of civil service building or public utility building, which is the abattoir buildings in Cairo, comparing them with the Rashid abattoir as one of the models of provincial abattoirs during the reign of the Muhammad Ali Pasha family. The study dealt with the architecture of these abattoirs and their architectural units, their architectural features, and the factors affecting their architecture, whether religious, health-related, or social; the cost of building abattoirs; the workers in the abattoirs; and the costs of slaughtering in the abattoirs according to the type of slaughter. The study relied on the inductive descriptive analytical comparative method to achieve the study objectives and relied on contemporary historical documents and sources due to the demolition of those abattoirs and the establishment of other advanced ones that are suitable for modernity.The study found a set of results, the most important of which were identifying the architectural structure of the abattoirs of Cairo and Rashid and publishing their plans, as well as determining the costs of the abattoirs that were the subject of the study. The cost of Magra Al-Oyoun abattoir was 20 thousand pounds, and Rashid abattoir was 500 pounds. The study also showed the success of the architect in implementing a plan that achieves the required function and takes into account health, environmental, and religious factors. It also determined the controls for work in the abattoirs and the jobs of their workers and estimated the cost of slaughtering each type of animal.