Research on the Exercise Conditions and Legal Effectiveness of Contract Termination Rights from the Perspective of the Civil Code

随着市场经济的发展，合同解除权的行使成为民商事法律实践中的重要问题。本文从《民法典》视角出发，探讨合同解除权的行使条件与法律效力。分析了约定解除条件、不可抗力及违约行为导致合同解除的情形，阐述了合同解除后合同关系终止、恢复原状、损害赔偿及结算清理条款效力等法律后果。指出《民法典》完善了合同解除权制度，明确行使条件，平衡合同自由与正义，推动司法实践发展，具有重要意义。With the development of the market economy, the exercise of contract termination rights has become an important issue in civil and commercial legal practice. This paper explores the exercise conditions and legal effectiveness of contract termination rights from the perspective of the Civil Code. It analyzes the scenarios of contract termination due to agreed conditions, force majeure, and breach of contract and elaborates on the legal consequences of contract termination, such as the termination of contractual relationships, restoration to the original status, compensation for damages, and the effectiveness of settlement and liquidation clauses. It points out that the Civil Code has improved the system of contract termination rights, clarified the conditions for exercise, balanced contractual freedom and justice, and promoted the development of judicial practice, which is of great significance.