Research Progress on Measurement Methods of Liquid Diffusion Coefficient

液相扩散系数是描述不同溶液扩散过程的基础性数据，其大小与物质的结构和溶质的浓度紧密相关。液相扩散系数的测量对于众多应用领域具有十分重要的研究价值。传统测量液相扩散系数的方法分别存在测量时间久、精度低或耗时长等问题。近年来，得益于光学、光(波)谱学技术的日益成熟，液相扩散系数的测量方法发展迅速，不断朝着精确、灵敏、快速的方向发展。本文对光干涉法、动态光散射法、荧光相关光谱法、核磁共振扩散序谱法这四种基于光学、光(波)谱学的测量液相扩散系数方法的原理、特点及最新应用进展进行了综述与比较，为液相扩散系数测量方法的发展提供参考。The liquid diffusion coefficient is the fundamental data for depicting the diffusion process of various solutions, and its magnitude is closely associated with the structure of the substance and the concentration of the solute. The measurement of liquid diffusion coefficient holds significant research value in numerous application fields. However, the traditional approaches for measuring liquid diffusion coefficient have certain issues, such as lengthy measurement duration, low accuracy or extended time requirements. In recent years, thanks to the increasingly mature technology of optics and optical (wave) spectroscopy, the measurement method of liquid diffusion coefficient has advanced rapidly and has been evolving towards the direction of accuracy, sensitivity and rapidity. In this paper, the principles, characteristics, and recent applications of four methods based on optical and optical (wave) spectroscopy for measuring liquid-phase diffusion coefficient, namely optical interferometry, dynamic light scattering, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion sequence spectrometry, are reviewed and compared, providing a reference for the development of liquid diffusion coefficient measurement methods.