Construct Validity and Reliability of the Continuing Bonds Scale in a Sample of Bereaved Costa Rican Men

Given the frequent interaction between mental health nurses and bereaved individuals, the availability of contextually appropriate instruments is essential for improving professional practice. The Continuing Bonds Scale can enhance the effectiveness of mental health interventions by clarifying the real needs of bereaved individuals from diverse societies and cultures. Furthermore, NANDA-I has proposed diagnoses on adaptive and maladaptive grieving. These diagnoses align with recent perspectives that integrate the natural occurrence of continuing bonds into the grieving process. By challenging traditional grief models, these nursing diagnoses position mental health nurses within a more compassionate framework that is sensitive to continuing bonds expressions.