Performance Comparison of 10 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna Array Using Various Substrate Materials

Microstrip patch antennas have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their simple fabrication and compatibility with modern planar circuit technologies. They are used in a wide variety of wireless communication systems such as base station terminals and mobile handset antennas. In recent years Microstrip antenna arrays have become increasingly popular due to their reliable design, lightweight, and low-cost-effective nature, making them ideal for various applications. This study presents the design and simulation of a 1?2 microstrip patch antenna array operating at 10 GHz, with an emphasis on evaluating performance across different substrate materials-FR4, Taconic RF-41, and Epoxy resin. Using CST Microwave Studio, the antenna design was optimized, and key performance indicators such as return loss, directivity, VSWR, and efficiency were analyzed. Results show that substrate material significantly influences antenna performance, with epoxy resin delivering superior efficiency and directivity. These insights can guide material selection in high-frequency communication systems.