Chemical constituents and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Ficus pumila

Phytochemical investigation of Ficus pumila collected in Lam Dong Province led to the isolation of ten compounds comprising four phenolic compounds, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1), methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (2), vanillic acid (3), 4-hydoxybenzoic acid (4); a furanocoumarin, bergapten (5); three 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones, 6-hydroxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone (6), 6,7-dimethoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone (7), 6,7-dimethoxy-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)]chromone (8); and two terpenoids, plumericin (9) and 2,7-dimethyl-2E,4E-octadienedioic acid (10). Their structures were identified by analysis of 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra and comparison of the spectral data with relevant literature. It is the first time compounds 2 and 6-10 have been obtained from the plant species. The anti-hyperglycemic activity of all isolated compounds was evaluated by measuring the inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase. Among them, compounds 2, 3, 7, 8 and 10 showed higher inhibitory activity than the positive control acarbose.