The role of gut microbiome in neurorehabilitation: a new frontier for stroke recovery

I am writing to highlight the emerging research on the role of the gut microbiome in neurorehabilitation, particularly in the context of stroke recovery. This gut-brain connection study will show neuroplasticity, inflammation and the general neurological health of the person are affected by it.1 Progress of the gut microbiome in strokes may be a relatively new approach and may offer a rethink to the treatment of neuroplasticity in stroke patients as well as the necessity of physical therapy.2 Recent studies highlight the critical role of gut microbiota in regulating neurotransmitters, such as N-ethanolamine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Additionally, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by these microbes possess strong anti-inflammatory effects and play a vital role in neural regeneration.3 After a stroke, these processes become even more critical as inflammation increases and neuroplasticity is vital for recovery. Modulating the gut microbiota may reduce post-stroke inflammation, enhance neurogenesis, and support motor and cognitive rehabilitation. This makes it clear that targeting the gut microbiome is paramount for the enhancement of stroke recovery.4 Besides imbalanced gut bacteria, due to poor diet or antibiotics treatment after a stroke, can slow down the healing processes by maintaining constant inflammation and disallowing brain changes and adaptations.5 Introducing personalized interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, or dietary changes, targeting the gut microbiome could become a vital part of post-stroke rehabilitation programs. These approaches may enhance neuroplasticity and functional recovery by reducing neuro inflammation and promoting a healthier gut-brain axis.6 Physical therapists play a key role in stroke rehabilitation. Including gut health assessments and microbiome-based interventions can boost the benefits of exercise therapies. This approach supports neuroplasticity, reduces inflammation, and enhances recovery outcomes for stroke survivors. I urge the scientific community to further explore the role of the gut microbiome in neurorehabilitation, with a focus on its integration into physical therapy protocols for stroke recovery.