Demographic and Economic Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Russian Federation

According to the World Health Organization, as of March 2025, excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic in the world amounted to 7.1 million people, about 778 million people fell ill with a new coronavirus infection. The purpose of the article is to assess the demographic and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to globalization, countries have become vulnerable in biological, medical and economic aspects. The pandemic had a significant impact on the excess mortality of the population, but only a minor impact on the birth rate. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has gone beyond the direct impact on the morbidity and mortality of the population. Due to the introduction of quarantine measures, a decrease in demand for goods and services, in most countries there was a decrease in the level of gross domestic product (GDP), an increase in unemployment, and an increase in income inequality. The reason for the drop in a greater proportion of socio-economic indicators in 2020 is the introduced covid restrictions, rather than the demographic and medical consequences of the pandemic. The crisis caused by the pandemic is unique. Global GDP decreased by 3.4% in 2020. The decline in GDP was significantly affected by quarantine measures, but not by excessive mortality. The pandemic in Russia has had an impact on the economic behavior of households. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a migration collapse. A significant proportion of the victims are migrant workers.