POWERBUS-Based Thermal Runaway Monitoring System Design for Energy Storage Cabin Batteries

To address the critical challenges of complex wiring, weak anti-interference capability, and insufficient firefighting coordination in existing lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring systems for energy storage cabins, this paper proposes a novel monitoring system design based on POWERBUS technology. The system employs a PB620 master controller and PB331 node chips to establish master-slave device connections via the POWERBUS, with relay nodes integrated to extend communication range. At the hardware level, circuit modules for the master controller, detectors, and relays are meticulously designed. At the software level, multi-node data interaction is achieved using the Modbus-RTU protocol, complemented by a hierarchical alarm strategy and firefighting linkage mechanism. The proposed system demonstrates high reliability, flexible wiring, and enhanced scalability, providing an effective solution for safety monitoring in energy storage cabins. Experimental results validate its superiority in electromagnetic compatibility and operational stability, offering theoretical and practical references for largescale deployment of energy storage safety systems.