DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH-RISK HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS GENOTYPES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH CERVICAL CYTOLOGY IN KAZAKHSTANI WOMEN

Background. Precancerous lesions of the cervix in women of reproductive age are an urgent problem of modern medicine. Despite progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of human papillomavirus mediated carcinogenesis and the introduction of screening and vaccination programs, the incidence of cervical cancer remains high worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence and distribution of the high-risk HPV genotypes among Kazakhstani women and find its correlation with different cervical precancerous lesions. Materials and method. This is a cross-sectional study based on the University Medical Center “National Scientific Center for Maternity and Childhood”. This study included 403 women of reproductive age (18-45 years). Two statistical analyses were used to compare differences between groups: the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Jonckheere– Terpstra test. Results. Age of the patients, Body Mass Index, age at menarche and other variables are distributed similarly among different precancerous lesion groups, suggesting homogeneous distribution of study population among cervical cytological groups. Overall, 35.1% of patients were tested positive for high-risk human papillomavirus in our cohort. Among 12 high risk human papillomavirus genotypes, HPV-16 was the most prevalent high-risk human papillomavirus genotype with prevalence of 11.4%, followed by HPV52 with a prevalence of 6.6% each other and HPV-33 that was present in 5.3% patients who tested positive for human papillomavirus. Conclusion. The result of the current study is consistent with previous findings among other Asian countries and underscores the value of ongoing regional surveillance to inform effective vaccination and screening policy.