Coverage Analysis of Space-Based and Ground-Based Sensors in Space Surveillance Systems

In space surveillance systems, sensors with comprehensive coverage can detect more targets, offering a wider optimization space for allocating observation tasks and allowing for more flexible sensor scheduling. Therefore, whether designing the space surveillance system, expanding the number of sensors within it, or enhancing the efficiency of sensor scheduling, analyzing sensor coverage is crucial. This study utilizes simulation methods to examine the effects of sensor types, sensor platforms, and deployment strategies on both instantaneous and overall coverage. The simulation results demonstrate that, within the simplified scenarios defined in this study, space-based optical sensor provide better coverage than ground-based optical sensor. Conversely, for radar systems, current ground-based platforms exhibit superior coverage. Additionally, deployment strategies significantly influence sensor coverage. Ground-based platforms must consider latitude factors, whereas space-based platforms need to account for orbital altitude.