ASSESSMENT OF FRAILTY SYNDROME IN PATIENTS OF ALL CHF PHENOTYPES DURING CARDIAC SURGERY

Background. With the aging population, the number of people with frailty syndromes receiving treatment for cardiovascular diseases is increasing. Diagnosis of frailty syndrome prior to complex and invasive procedures may have implications for prognosis and recovery. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of frailty and describe its associated clinical course and outcomes in patients referred for cardiac surgery. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort of patients over 18 years of age referred for cardiac surgery at the non-profit joint-stock company "National Scientific Cardiac Surgery Center" in Astana, Department of Cardiac Surgery, from November 2022 to April 2023, was examined before surgery for the presence of frailty, determined by the deficit accumulation model scale. The analysis included clinical, anamnestic, instrumental and laboratory data, surgical results, development of complications and adverse outcomes in the perioperative period. Statistical processing of the study results was performed. Results. Fragility was detected in 32% of patients before open cardiac surgery. Differences were revealed in the intraoperative and early postoperative periods: rhythm disturbances developed more often (20.8% versus 3.9%), transient ischemic attack / acute cerebrovascular accident of the ischemic type (8.3% versus 3.9%), hydrothorax (31.25% versus 11.7% and 5.8%), implantation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (12.5 % versus 3.9%) .In the group of patients with frailty, two fatal outcomes were recorded. Conclusions. Frailty was observed in 32% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and was associated with higher risk of morbidity and increased healthcare utilization.