LITERATURE REVIEW OF BUSINESS IMPROVEMENT DISTRICTS FOR JAPANESE AREA-BASED MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

Decreasing tax income of local authorities because of the population decreasing and the increment of expenditure of welfare due to aging society give a pressure to municipalities’ budget. Solving this problem, researchers are referring to innovative scheme in overseas, which is Business Improvement Districts. However, there is few research focusing on BIDs in Japan though we need to enhance our understanding. Addressing this status quo, we reviewed 67 literatures related to BIDs. In conclusion section, I sum up current discourses about BIDs and state what we should refer to, which aspects we should research in the future.