The Development of Modular Spacecraft

传统航天器从满足单一用途到多功能集成，使得系统复杂程度和质量急剧攀升。其烟囱式设计，静态构型逐渐的向着模块化设计，动态可重构的方向发展。文章从模块化航天器的相关理念入手，从静态形式的模块化航天器、支持可展开的模块化航天器和模块化可重构航天器这三个方面介绍了航天器在模块化方面的进展。其次，梳理总结了航天器模块化方面的关键技术。最后从未来发展趋势上，介绍了模块化航天器快速生成技术、软件定义可重构、融合数字孪生的混合现实仿真技术发展建议。Traditional spacecraft have increased dramatically from meeting single-purpose to multi-function integration. Its “stovepipe” design and static configuration have gradually evolved towards modular design and dynamic reconfiguration. Starting with the related concepts of modular spacecraft, the article describes the progress of spacecraft in modularization from three aspects: static modular spacecraft, space deployable spacecraft and modular reconfigurable spacecraft. Secondly, the key technologies of spacecraft modularization are summarized. Finally, in terms of future development trend, the development suggestions of modular spacecraft rapid generation technology, recon- figurable software definition and mixed reality simulation technology with digital twinning are introduced.