Clinical Manifestation and Prognosis of Overlapping Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy and Acute Transverse Myelitis with Anti-GM1 and Anti-GD1a Antibodies: A Case Study

Antibodies against GM1 and GD1a are closely associated with acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). Patients simultaneously positive for both anti-GM1 and anti-GD1a antibodies are rare, and their clinical manifestations and prognosis remain unclear. Herein we report a 41-year-old male diagnosed with AMAN and acute transverse myelitis who was positive for immunoglobulin M anti-GM1, immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-GM1, and IgG anti-GD1a antibodies. He experienced rapid progression of motor weakness to near quadriplegia within a few days, followed by substantial improvement over 6 months after initiation of steroid treatment, resulting in return of most activities of daily living.