Response surface methodology: optimization dosage of functionalized carbon nanomaterials in mortar

Abstract This study explores the optimization of graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (FMWCNTs) as additives in Pozzolana Portland Nanocomposite Cementitious Mortar (PPNCM) to enhance mechanical and microstructural properties. Using response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD), the optimal dosages were identified as 0.0024% GO and 0.0003% FMWCNTs by weight of cement. The optimized mix demonstrated a 27.13% increase in compressive strength and a 54.41% improvement in split tensile strength at 90 days compared with the control. Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of flower‐shaped C‐S‐H crystals, while PXRD confirmed enhanced utilization of quartz, mullite, and portlandite, contributing to improved gel formation. FTIR analysis validated reduced Ca(OH)₂ peaks and increased C‐S‐H formation. These findings highlight the potential of GO and FMWCNTs as nano‐reinforcements to significantly improve the performance of PPNCM, promoting their application in sustainable construction materials.